When external temperatures exceed 37°C (98.6°F), the body feels uncomfortable and becomes susceptible to heatstroke. At temperatures above 40°C (104°F), metabolic and regulatory functions are impaired. Even sitting still in extreme heat causes profuse sweating, and outdoor labor risks heat exhaustion. Thus, mastering heat prevention and cooling techniques is crucial.
When during the day is heatstroke most likely to occur?
It correlates with temperature levels. Heatstroke is more common when temperatures are high. The peak daytime temperature typically occurs around 2 PM, though caution is needed several hours before and after this time. We generally recommend minimizing outdoor activities between 11 AM and 4 PM, as heatstroke is most likely to occur during the hottest part of the day. Staying indoors or in an air-conditioned room during this period is advisable.Overseas recommendations suggest that if your home lacks air conditioning, visiting a mall or supermarket with cooling systems can provide beneficial relief.
Who are the high-risk groups?
Individuals with excellent thermoregulation are less susceptible. Children, still in their developmental stages, are high-risk. Additionally, seniors over 65, those with underlying health conditions, obese individuals, and pregnant women require particular caution.
Remember these five key actions for immediate heatstroke treatment:
1. Move. Quickly relocate the patient to a cool, well-ventilated area. Elevate their head, loosen clothing, and facilitate breathing and heat dissipation.
2. Apply. Use a cold towel on the head, or place ice packs/ice cubes on the head, armpits, and groin.
IV. Immersion. Submerge the patient's torso at a 45-degree angle in well water around 18°C, ensuring the water level reaches the nipples. Elderly individuals, frail persons, and those with cardiovascular conditions may not tolerate excessively cold water.
V. Rubbing. Four individuals simultaneously rub the patient's body with towels while submerged in water until the skin reddens. Typically, rubbing for 15–30 minutes reduces body temperature to 37°C–38°C. Patients without severe brain damage often regain consciousness rapidly.