Establish clear goals and develop a healthy diet plan.
Encourage patients to consume easily digestible, high-calorie, and high-protein foods. Adopt a strategy of eating smaller, more frequent meals, gradually increasing portion sizes. Prioritize appetite-stimulating foods such as hawthorn berries and amomum fruit. Increase intake of fresh vegetables and fruits like tomatoes and oranges. Minimize snacks and avoid spicy or greasy foods.
Daily Care
Some patients suffer from long-term malnutrition, leading to limited mobility and prolonged bed rest. For those unable to walk, ensure thorough bodily hygiene, provide regular skin and oral care, and facilitate appropriate exercises with assistance.
Behavioral Care
After meals, remind patients to resist the urge to induce vomiting. Initially, patients may exhibit strong resistance, feeling anxious or irritable. Offer reassurance and use distraction techniques to alleviate anorexic symptoms. Continuously encourage behavioral control, gradually reducing supervision until patients manage independently.
Psychological Care
Provide emotional support and proper guidance.
Individuals with anorexia nervosa often exhibit personality disorders. Establishing a positive doctor-patient relationship is crucial for psychological care. While offering proactive, warm concern, treat patients with respect and equality. Help them understand that anorexia is treatable, reduce psychological pressure, and address underlying emotional barriers.