Gynecologists note that emergency contraception is typically used within 72 hours after a regular contraceptive method fails. Since its use isn't restricted by the menstrual cycle, some women who prioritize convenience use it as a routine contraceptive. However, frequent use can disrupt endocrine function, causing irreversible damage to the ovaries and even premature ovarian "aging." This leads to decreasing estrogen levels or sudden cessation of estrogen secretion.This can cause young women to prematurely enter a "hidden menopause," clinically manifesting perimenopausal symptoms typically seen in middle-aged and older women—such as hot flashes, irritability and insomnia, dry skin, dull hair color, vulvar dryness, vaginal itching, and decreased libido. Therefore, emergency contraception should not be taken casually. Here's a detailed breakdown of how it should be used.
Comprehensive Overview of Emergency Contraceptive Side Effects (Public Health Network)
When Is Emergency Contraception Most Effective?
First, let's examine the risks associated with regular emergency contraceptive use.
What Are the Side Effects of Emergency Contraception?
While emergency contraception offers distinct advantages, it also carries potential side effects.Understanding these side effects and taking precautions during use can maximize the effectiveness of emergency contraception while minimizing potential adverse reactions.
The following side effects may occur after taking emergency contraceptive drugs:
(1) Nausea: Incidence varies by drug, with mifepristone having the lowest rate at 6%-7%. Nausea typically lasts no longer than 24 hours.
(2) Vomiting: Incidence varies by medication, with levonorgestrel at approximately 5% and mifepristone at about 1%. Taking the medication with food or before bedtime is often believed to reduce nausea and vomiting, though definitive clinical data is lacking.
(3) Irregular uterine bleeding: Some women may experience spotting after medication, which usually requires no intervention.
(4) Menstrual changes: Most women experience menstruation on schedule, while others may have early or delayed periods. If menstruation is delayed by one week, a urine pregnancy test should be performed to determine if emergency contraception has failed.