Laser beams can penetrate the skin and be absorbed by melanin granules. The heat generated by the beam destroys the melanin. The destroyed melanin is then absorbed by the body, lightening the color of the pigmented lesion. So, which pigmented lesions can be removed with laser treatment?
Lasers produce visible light with high-intensity, instantaneous energy. Lasers of different wavelengths are absorbed by specific colors or pigments in the skin. The main types of pigmented lesions that can be removed with laser include:
1. Dermal Pigment Lesions:
Nevus of Ota is a melanocyte disorder in the dermis of areas innervated by the first and second branches of the trigeminal nerve. Clinically, it presents as bluish-gray patches. It is relatively common.
2. Benign Epidermal Lesions:
Skin pigment spots, solar lentigines, and freckles are all benign lesions where melanocytes reside in the epidermis and basal layer.
3. Dermal and Epidermal Lesions:
(1) Café-au-lait Spots: These are benign, coffee-colored lesions that may occur alone or in association with neurofibromatosis. They can be removed with laser treatment without scarring, though recurrence is possible.
(2) Melasma: Melasma is an acquired pigmented lesion. This hormone-influenced hyperpigmentation can occur in both the epidermis and dermis. Laser treatment can remove the lesions, but recurrence is common.
Editor's Note: Facial spots can make one appear significantly older. Those seeking spot removal should visit a reputable plastic surgery hospital and choose an appropriate method under a doctor's guidance.