The onset of menopause varies among women, influenced by multiple factors, but generally begins around age 40 and spans 10 to 20 years.
Historically, it was widely believed that women's reproductive capacity peaked before age 40, necessitating strict contraception. Conversely, after 40, irregular periods and low pregnancy probability led many women entering their forties to neglect contraception. Consequently, abortion rates significantly increased post-menopause.
Medically speaking, after entering menopause, ovarian function gradually declines, making ovulation and menstruation less regular. However, irregularity does not mean ovulation ceases; the possibility of pregnancy remains significant. Moreover, the older a woman is when she becomes pregnant, the higher the incidence of teratomas and hydatidiform moles, and the greater the risk of malignant transformation.
Therefore, contraception for menopausal women must not be overlooked. Numerous contraceptive options exist, tailored to individual circumstances. Commonly used methods include intrauterine devices (IUDs), oral contraceptives, condoms, contraceptive films, and sterilization.