Obesity is no stranger to any of us. With rising living standards, the number of obesity patients has increased annually in recent years, severely impacting our daily lives. To help friends understand obesity, common diagnostic criteria are listed below.Specifically as follows:
In cases of simple childhood obesity, excessive body fat may obscure external genitalia, leading to misdiagnosis as delayed genital development. Caution is warranted. While obesity in children is often suspected to stem from endocrine abnormalities, obesity caused by endocrine disorders is actually rare and typically presents with other symptoms for differentiation.
Pituitary and hypothalamic disorders can cause obesity, termed obese hypogonadism. However, body fat distribution in this condition is distinctive, most prominent in the neck, submental area, breasts, hips, and upper thighs.with thin, tapered fingers. Intracranial lesions and delayed gonadal development may also occur. Damage to the diencephalon from traumatic brain injury can cause generalized obesity, but is accompanied by diabetes insipidus, hypogonadism, and other autonomic symptoms.
In hypothyroidism, body fat accumulates primarily in the face and neck, often accompanied by myxedema. Growth and development are markedly delayed, with reduced basal metabolic rate and appetite.
Adrenal cortical tumors and prolonged corticosteroid use can both cause Cushing's syndrome, characterized by prominent fat deposits on the cheeks and under the chin, forming a distinctive facial appearance. Thickened body fat on the chest and back is common, often accompanied by hypertension, purplish-red skin, increased body hair, and precocious puberty. An abdominal mass may sometimes be palpable, and abdominal X-rays may reveal calcification shadows.Some diabetic children and those with ovarian dysfunction, such as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, may also exhibit obesity.
Glycogen storage disease can cause a rounded face, with particularly pronounced fat accumulation in the lower abdomen and pubic region. Prader-Willi syndrome is another congenital metabolic disorder characterized by obesity beginning in late infancy, along with hypotonia, short stature, small hands and feet,intellectual disability, hypogonadism, and strabismus. Diabetes often develops during adolescence. Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome is a multiple malformation disorder involving finger/toe deformities, obesity, visual impairment, and intellectual disability.