Skin Graft Eyebrow Transplantation: The traditional method involves harvesting a 4mm-wide scalp strip from behind the ear, trimming it into eyebrow shape, and surgically implanting it onto the patient's brow area. Grafts wider than 4mm often develop linear hair loss even in the central area that survives, known as central hair loss.This technique involves transplanting 3–4mm skin columns containing several coarse hairs into the deep fascia layer of the skin. To maximize contact surface area and ensure adequate blood supply for columnar grafts, the columns may be incised and implanted with their bases cut at an angle to form a "W" shape, thereby expanding the graft's contact area.
Follicular Unit Transplantation (FUT): This method is similar to columnar hair transplantation.The recipient site requires no incision; small grafts containing 3–7 hairs are inserted through tiny needle punctures. Advantages include natural upward hair flow and direction, with survival rates potentially reaching 100%. Disadvantages include greater procedural complexity. The occipital region is the primary donor site, typically requiring 35–45 small grafts yielding approximately 120–160 hairs; female patients may require 10% fewer grafts.
Single-Hair Transplantation: This technique further refines the follicular unit transplantation method by implanting single-hair grafts into the recipient area, following the same procedure as follicular unit transplantation. Its advantages include uniform hair flow and direction, along with high survival rates. The disadvantages are its complexity and extended surgical duration.
Preoperative Considerations:
1. Avoid aspirin-containing medications for two weeks prior to surgery, as aspirin reduces platelet coagulation function;
2. Patients with hypertension or diabetes must fully disclose their conditions during the initial consultation to enable the attending physician to confirm the surgical plan;
3. Ensure good overall health with no infectious diseases or active inflammation prior to surgery;
4. Avoid wearing makeup before surgery;
5. Women should schedule surgery outside menstrual and lactation cycles;
6. Shower before surgery to maintain cleanliness of the scalp;
7. Design your desired eyebrow shape yourself or with a professional stylist.
Postoperative Care:
1. Due to lingering effects of anesthesia, drowsiness may occur post-surgery. Prioritize rest after discharge; avoid driving or high-altitude work. Elevate your head with pillows while sleeping;
2. Refrain from lifting heavy objects or strenuous exercise for five days post-surgery;
3. Follow your doctor's instructions and take medication on schedule to alleviate post-operative discomfort.
4. Apply ice packs to the surgical area for 3-4 days to reduce swelling.
5. Avoid getting the surgical area wet for one week. You may wash your hair after four days, but do not rub the donor area vigorously.
6. Small scabs forming at the transplant site will naturally shed 7-10 days post-op. Do not pick at them.
7. Avoid exercise for the first four days. Light activity is permissible after four days; moderate activity may resume after ten days. However, strenuous contact sports must be avoided for at least three weeks.