Many people experience white spots appearing on their nails. These spots can vary in shape and may indicate different underlying conditions, all reflecting potential health issues within our bodies. Regardless of the specific pattern, your body is signaling that certain health concerns require attention. Therefore, understanding the causes of white spots on nails is essential for taking appropriate treatment measures.Below, we'll explain in detail what causes white spots on nails and their underlying reasons. What causes white spots on nails? 1. Nail injury White spots appearing as dots or lines on nails are termed "leukonychia." The most common cause is injury to the nail root (also called the matrix).Since these spots often appear long after the injury, you may not recall the specific incident—like hitting your nail against a door, workbench, or being struck by a hammer. Such accidental impacts can cause white spots. Additionally, excessive nail trimming can also damage the nail bed.
2. Allergic Reactions
Many women enjoy nail art, frequently applying various colors and designs to their nails. However, regular use of nail polish or nail polish remover can trigger allergic reactions, causing white spots to appear on the nails.
3. Zinc Deficiency
Zinc is an essential trace element in the human body.A zinc deficiency can cause white spots or streaks to appear on the nails. The best solution is to improve your diet by consuming more zinc-rich foods daily, including oysters, baked beans, yogurt, crab meat, pork shoulder, beef, spinach, nuts, and all whole grains.
4. Protein Deficiency
The nail bed is the skin covering the fingernail or toenail. Individuals with insufficient protein may develop horizontal ridges on the nail bed, known as Milker's lines. Since these ridges form on the nail bed rather than the nail surface, they do not grow out with the nail.
These ridges typically disappear once protein levels return to normal.In rare cases, these ridges may indicate liver disease. To distinguish: press the nail plate firmly. If the ridges disappear, they are Milker's lines.
Regularly consume protein-rich foods like fish (salmon, tuna), pork tenderloin, lean beef, beans, yogurt, soy milk, and nuts.
What causes white spots on nails? What are the reasons?
5. Calcium deficiency
The availability of calcium-fortified nail strengtheners in the market has led many to believe calcium deficiency causes leukonychia. However, this claim lacks scientific evidence. If calcium deficiency is suspected, dietary adjustments can help, such as consuming calcium-rich foods like milk.
6. Fungal White Nails
Fungal white nails are caused by fungi, initially appearing on toenails before spreading to the nail bed. Initially, toenails become thinner, then thicken and develop cracks, causing pain when wearing shoes.
Because this condition can be easily confused with others, diagnosis requires a doctor to take a small sample of the toenail. This sample is examined under a microscope or placed in a special container for observation over time to identify the specific fungus.
Treatment for fungal white nails typically involves a combination of oral antifungal medication and topical ointments. Symptoms usually begin to improve and disappear within three months.Note that topical creams cannot penetrate the nail bed through the nail surface.
7. Serious Medical Conditions
White spots on nails may also signal serious underlying conditions like liver disease, kidney disease, or anemia. Therefore, if you notice any discoloration or abnormalities in your nails, seek medical attention promptly to address the issue effectively.
If you notice white spots on your nails, don't panic. You can attempt to identify the cause yourself. Focus on a balanced diet, consuming fruits rich in vitamin C and foods containing iron, zinc, and other essential elements. If the spots result from a deficiency or injury, wait until the affected nail grows to a trimable length before removing them. Remember not to cut them too short; leave some length to protect the nail bed.
The above explains the causes of white spots on nails. We hope this provides clarity. Wishing you good health and happiness.