Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is currently the most ideal biological tissue substitute. It offers excellent biocompatibility and a unique microporous structure, free from toxicity, carcinogenicity, or allergenic side effects. Human tissue cells and blood vessels can grow into its micro-pores, forming tissue connections akin to autologous tissue. Its effectiveness in rhinoplasty is highly commendable. However, ePTFE rhinoplasty offers less sculpting flexibility than silicone, and removal can be challenging if results are unsatisfactory.
Silicone remains the most commonly used rhinoplasty material in clinical practice. It offers good elasticity, a soft texture, and ease of shaping. It does not infiltrate or diffuse, is easily removable, and rarely causes rejection reactions. Silicone possesses stable physicochemical properties, is non-toxic, non-carcinogenic, and non-teratogenic. Its tissue compatibility is relatively stable, with minimal risk of aging or deformation.
Its greatest advantage is the ability to be completely and easily removed post-surgery if the patient finds the appearance unsatisfactory, leaving no residual defects. While silicone's higher hardness makes it prone to displacement upon impact, its affordability makes it a cost-effective implant option.
Autologous cartilage stands as one of the most ideal rhinoplasty materials. Commonly harvested sites include rib cartilage, auricular cartilage, and septal cartilage. This autologous tissue permanently integrates with nasal structures, eliminating rejection risks and offering strong infection resistance. The resulting nose appears and feels indistinguishable from natural tissue, making it highly favored by cosmetic seekers.