Women of childbearing age with conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or anemia may face risks to fetal and infant health. Experts advise women to undergo comprehensive health screenings before pregnancy. Pregnancy should only be pursued after diseases are cured or well-controlled, following medical guidance, to avoid future regret.
For conditions like heart disease, hepatitis, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, kidney disease, and hypertension, pre-pregnancy treatment to achieve control is essential. Failure to do so may not only worsen the condition during pregnancy but also jeopardize fetal and newborn health. Medications for chronic diseases such as hyperthyroidism, diabetes, hypertension, and hepatitis may cause fetal or neonatal malformations. Therefore, women planning pregnancy must be vigilant about the following conditions:
1.Anemia
If left untreated, anemia in women may lead to malnutrition during pregnancy, worsening anemia and increasing risks of fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, or stillbirth. For pregnant women, it may also cause anemia-related heart disease, heart failure, postpartum hemorrhage, or postpartum infection. Therefore, women with anemia should ideally wait until it is cured before conceiving.
2.Heart Disease
If heart disease exists before pregnancy and is not treated promptly and effectively, the pregnant woman is highly likely to develop cardiac insufficiency, leading to miscarriage, premature birth, placental insufficiency, and other complications.
3. Liver Disease
Liver disease in a pregnant woman can be transmitted to the baby. Therefore, women with liver disease should ensure their condition is stable and well-controlled before conceiving. Under no circumstances should pregnancy occur during the infectious period of liver disease.After conception, follow medical advice to receive hepatitis vaccinations to prevent transmission to the baby.
4. Kidney Disease
Pregnant women with kidney disease face increased risks of developing gestational hypertension. This condition also adversely affects fetal development, potentially causing growth retardation and, in severe cases, miscarriage or premature birth. Mothers may also develop renal failure or uremia.
5. Hypertension
Pregnant women with hypertension are prone to developing gestational hypertension syndrome.
6. Diabetes
Women with diabetes are highly susceptible to developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
5. Hypertension
Pregnant women with hypertension are more susceptible to developing gestational hypertension.
7. Tuberculosis
If a pregnant woman has infectious tuberculosis, pregnancy may result in miscarriage or premature birth. Taking anti-tuberculosis drugs during pregnancy will inevitably affect fetal development.
8. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
Becoming pregnant with an untreated STD can cause fetal growth retardation and may be transmitted vertically to the baby. Most STDs can be cured with proper treatment.
To minimize the risks these eight conditions pose to maternal, fetal, and future child health, experts advise women planning pregnancy to undergo comprehensive medical examinations first. Any identified conditions should be promptly treated following medical guidance. For instance, switching diabetes medication from oral hypoglycemic agents to insulin can prevent potential fetal malformations caused by certain drugs.
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