What to Do if Poisoned by Moldy Sugarcane
Moldy sugarcane contains a neurotoxin that can cause poisoning symptoms with less than 0.5 grams. Once ingested, it is rapidly absorbed, causing widespread central nervous system damage within a short time.Mild poisoning symptoms appear within 2-3 hours, including vomiting and abdominal pain. Moderate poisoning manifests as central nervous system lesions, such as paroxysmal convulsions and impaired consciousness.
Recommendations:
1. Early poisoning
Induce vomiting immediately, followed by gastric lavage with 0.2% potassium permanganate solution. Alternatively, administer activated charcoal suspension via gastrointestinal tract to adsorb toxins. Use sodium sulfate or mannitol for catharsis; perform colonic irrigation if necessary.
2. General Management
Administer appropriate fluid replacement to prevent dehydration, correct acidosis and electrolyte imbalances, and administer antibiotics to prevent secondary infections. For severe cerebral edema, hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be used to increase blood oxygen levels and alleviate symptoms.
3. Symptomatic Treatment
During the acute phase, eliminate cerebral edema and improve cerebral circulation by intravenously administering alternating doses of 20% mannitol, furosemide, and 50% glucose to control edema progression. During recovery, use agents that promote brain cell metabolism and brain cell activation (e.g., cytidine diphosphate choline, cerebrolysin, cytochrome C) to protect brain tissue and prevent or reduce sequelae.During convulsions, administer appropriate sedatives like phenobarbital (Luminal) or diazepam. For children, chloroform enemas may also be used.
Preventing Accidental Ingestion of Moldy Sugarcane
1. Harvest sugarcane only after full maturity to prevent mold growth due to immaturity.
2. Sugarcane should be sold immediately after cutting, minimizing storage time.
3. During storage, ensure ventilation and moisture prevention. Conduct regular inspections, and prohibit sale of any moldy cane.
4. Strengthen public health education to discourage purchasing or consuming moldy sugarcane.