If there is an open wound on the knee surface, absolutely avoid entering the water. Pool water contains bacteria that can cause wound inflammation and infection. If swimming is essential, wait until the knee has formed a scab before entering the water.
If there is internal bone damage within the knee but the skin surface is intact, assess the situation to determine if swimming is permissible.
Swimmers with knee injuries should avoid the breaststroke. The outward rotation and kicking motions involved in breaststroke are contrary to the natural movement of the human knee. Prolonged or intense practice can cause damage, particularly to the collateral ligaments and medial meniscus.
How to protect knees while swimming?
Water resistance is approximately 12 times greater than air resistance. To counter this force, swimming typically strengthens muscles, stimulates bone reinforcement, and increases bone density. Water's buoyancy reduces stress on knee joints, lightening the load.
The primary functions of knee guards are warmth retention and stabilization. The knee area is prone to chilling, and many knee conditions are linked to exposure to cold. While muscles on the thighs generate heat during exercise, the knee lacks this natural heat source. Therefore, specialized gear like knee guards is essential for insulation.
Within normal movement ranges, the patella (knee cap) can shift slightly. However, during swimming, external forces exert significant pressure on the knee, potentially displacing the patella and leading to related knee conditions.
How should injured knees be cared for?
Avoid overexertion, especially walking or strenuous exercise. Prioritize rest. If possible, apply heat to activate local blood circulation. Regularly massage the area to prevent aggravation of strain injuries.