Gastric disorders fall into functional and organic categories. Functional disorders include: gastric dysfunction, gastric neurosis, hypermotility, hypomotility, atony, paralysis, ptosis, mucosal prolapse, hyperacidity, and hypochlorhydria.Organic gastric disorders encompass gastritis, gastric ulcers (including duodenal ulcers), gastric polyps, and gastric cancer. Conventionally, gastric disorders primarily refer to chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, gastric dysfunction, and gastric ptosis.
Thus, clinically termed "gastric disorders" broadly encompasses diseases originating in the stomach and manifesting in the gastric region, though they also include duodenal diseases. These conditions share similar symptoms such as upper abdominal discomfort, pain, postprandial bloating, belching, acid reflux, and even nausea or vomiting.Common clinical gastric disorders include acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, combined gastric-duodenal ulcers, gastric polyps, gastric stones, benign and malignant gastric tumors, as well as gastric mucosal prolapse, acute gastric dilatation, and pyloric obstruction.
The primary causes of gastric disorders include:
1. Lifestyle factors: Consuming irritating foods or medications—such as spicy, raw, cold, hard, or overly acidic items—along with smoking, alcohol consumption, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can trigger gastric discomfort. Irregular eating patterns, skipping meals, or overeating may also induce these symptoms.
2. Psychological factors: Prolonged exposure to stress, anxiety, worry, or depression can trigger stomach discomfort and may also cause gastrointestinal dysfunction.
3. Disease Factors: Numerous medical conditions can cause stomach discomfort, including acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, combined gastric-duodenal ulcers, gastric hemorrhage, and benign or malignant tumors of the stomach. Among these, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and chronic gastritis account for the vast majority of cases.